Pros and Cons of Unions Essay Example

Pros and Cons of Unions Paper McKamie 1 Wendy McKamie Mrs. Cornelius Business Law October 6, 2011 The Pros and Cons of Unions During the active growth of the industrial movement in the nineteenth century, uneducated country fold went to larger cities to work in factories and ended up in substandard work environments, more often than not making low wages. Labor unions formed as a way for these workers to band together to have equal rights. Labor unions help their members by negotiating wages, benefits and working conditions – also known as collective bargaining Ashcroft and Ashcroft, 354). A single worker would have a slim chance acquiring a raise by simply going to the employer and requesting one. However, a union worker has the backing of a group of people that all work towards the same goal. The union has the benefit of representing the entire workforce, therefore having more success. On the down side, unions have so much power they can sometimes raise wages and benefits to unrealistically high levels. W hen this happens, the cost of labor is often passed down to the consumer, making products more expensive. The trickle-down effect hurts the economy and brings the cost of living to levels that the average Joe can’t always handle. It is simple economics. If labor costs are higher than the market determines it should be, after taking into account all other factors that make up production, then workers will be laid off or their compensation will be decreased. Wages are an important factor of production (Harding, 2011) Benefits offered through a union include family health care that never denies coverage, disability insurance, retirement and death benefits. Regardless if they are working or not, if the union dues are paid, they will always have these benefits. Members have to pay a fee to be in the union. Commonly called union dues, this is often a deterrent for someone that is not yet a member of a union. They feel they are â€Å"paying† someone else so they can have a job. A union member has to remain in good standing even when unemployed. They will lose their benefits and any retirement built up since entering the union. Workers must make that ultimate decision in the beginning. The union may fight for the ights of their members, but this service is far from free. Fortunately for a member, all union workers are treated equally in the workplace. There is no favoritism. Seniority is utilized for promotions. Raising wages and when they will occur is specified in a contract from the beginning. There are no â€Å"surprises†. Everyone is subject to the same guidelines and job responsibilities. Policies in a business without u nion representation can and will change without notice. In a union workplace, everything is determined beforehand. This benefits both employers and employees. We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons of Unions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons of Unions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons of Unions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Employees enjoy more consistency because they know what is expected of them. Employers benefit from a more content work force and less time spent on training to enforce constant changes. Strikes are a powerful tool for unions. If demands or negotiations aren’t met by an employer, every member is expected to quit work immediately. These can cause serious repercussions to people even if they aren’t involved in the debate. For example, if teachers go on strike in order to negotiate higher wages, school has to be canceled and students are put out of class. Nurses can seriously hurt how a hospital is run. Without nurses, there would be nobody licensed to take care of the patients other than doctors, therefore putting the patient’s health at risk. Strikes are rare but the potential still must be considered when discussing the benefits or problems with unionized labor. Current union workers will tell you being a member of a union today isn’t the same as it was in the 1970’s or 1980’s. The advantages now are far less than it was then. The decline in employers that hire union workers has made it difficult to find work. Some only work half of the year in their particular trade because so many employers would rather save the bottom dollar than hire a skilled professional through a union (Jaggers, 2011). The bad reputation of unions precedes them therefore slowing down recruitment of future union members. To an extent, this is due to lack of information to the general public about the benefits that a union provides to employers and employees. Unions exist to make life better for employees, but they also provide benefits to employers. Had it not been for unions, there would not be your typical 40 hour work week, an established minimum wage, or even overtime wages. Unions may seem outdated now, but they did serve their purpose when they were formed and for many years thereafter. Works Cited Ashcroft, John D. and Janet E. Ashcroft. Law for Business, Seventeenth Edition. South-Western, Cengage Learning, 2011. Harding, Jeff. â€Å"Why Unions Are Bad for the Economy. † 22 July 2011 The Daily Capitalist. Jaggers, James (current member of Local Sprinkler Fitters Union 669). Interview with Wendy McKamie 26 September 2011.

Vitamins May Hurt Your Health

Vitamins May Hurt Your Health MSN ran a feature about ConsumerLab.coms investigation into the purity of multivitamins. The lab looked at 21 brands of multivitamins for sale in the U.S. and Canada and found only 10 of these brands met the labeled claims or otherwise met quality standards. That doesnt have to mean anything earth-shattering. It could have been the other brands were close to meeting standards or had minor problems. However, the quality issues were ones that could actually hurt your health. The Vitamin Shoppe Multivitamins Especially for Women were found to be contaminated with lead. Now, lets put this in perspective. Several calcium supplements run the risk of lead contamination, because lead and calcium participate in many of the same chemical reactions and are difficult to separate. That trace amounts of lead would be present might be expected. However, ConsumerLab.com reported a daily dose of this mulitvitamin contained a whopping 15.3 micrograms of lead (more than ten times the amount permitted without a warning in California). To make matters worse, though you got some bonus lead for your bucks, you only got 54% of the stated levels of calcium. Another vitamin posed a different risk. Hero Nutritionals Yummi Bears, a kids multivitamin, contained 216% of the labeled amount of vitamin A in the retinol form [5,400 International Units (IU)], which is considerably higher than the upper limit set by the Institute of Medicine of 2,000 IU for kids ages 1 to 3 and 3,000 IU for kids ages 4 to 8. Vitamin A is one of the vitamins where more is not better. Instead, too much vitamin A can weaken bones and cause liver damage. Are these quality control issues? Yes, but I would have been surprised if the lab had found the vitamins met their stated claims. Why? For two reasons. First, vitamins arent regulated by the same standards as medicine. They are considered supplements and not drugs. Your best defense against this is to buy a product from nationally-recognized reputable source with an interest in protecting its good name. The other reason I wouldnt expect vitamins to contain exactly what is listed on the label is simple chemistry. Vitamins, by their very nature, are reactive. The quantities listed in a product will change over the course of its shelf life. Your main protection here is to not take vitamins past their expiration date. Should you take a multivitamin? Ask yourself whether the potential benefit outweighs the risk. If you are taking a major name brand multivitamin, you are probably getting approximately what is listed. Even then, expect some variation within the product and some degree of heavy-metal contamination with products that include minerals. These vitamins generally are safe, but dont take them automatically assuming they will help you.

Keatons Film Daydreams Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Keatons Film Daydreams - Movie Review Example The directors' utilization of the chase sequence is literally handled to prolong the entire film. Considerably, it did its purposes. Instead of sending Renee' back to his girlfriend's house, he had still to deal with different challenges along the way to be able to run past his chasers. Through different points of stops, the director aimed to give the audience a cup of laughter in the middle of every chase. Take for example the scene where Renee managed to pose as a road-side mannequin that appeared to be his disguise from his solo-policeman chaser, later on he manages to get a pair of pants and suit that luckily had some money in it which he used to pay for the said set of garments to the seller completing his cover as a ordinary man while the policeman was watching him standing just right beside him. This particular scene actually made Renee' appear more of an intelligent individual who was able to cut the chase short to an end that served as a prelude to his success in running awa y and supposedly coming home to his girlfriend with something to show her at least instead of being chased to his death. However, the cover immediately ended when he lost his pants with the policeman still looking at his path. This then continued the chase.

Assessment to cover m5 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Assessment to cover m5 - Coursework Example The early microprocessors were usually 4-bits and were used in electronic calculators that used binary coded decimal. The microprocessor consists of three component units. The Arithmetic and logic unit is a digital circuit that performs all the arithmetic operations that include additions, multiplications, subtractions, and divisions, and logic operations which entail comparison operations using logic operators such as AND, OR. The control unit directs and controls the operation of other units by providing timing and control signals, it fetches and decodes machine instructions, and co-ordinates the input and output devices of a computer system. The registers act as cache memory for the microprocessor and provide the storage of data and instructions to be executed. The CPU is mounted on the motherboard (a printed circuit board that holds components of the system and provide connection to other peripheral devices) of the computer system, where other electronics are also mounted. ... The microprocessors are differentiated according to the instruction set executed, the number of bits processed in a single instruction, and the clock speed (instructions executed per second), given in megahertz (MHz). In both cases, the higher the value, the more powerful the CPU will be in terms of performance. 8-bit microprocessor An 8-bit microprocessor refers to a processor architecture that computes 8-bits as the data size. All the instructions executed by such a processor consist of 8-bits (binary digits). The arithmetic and logic unit, the internal buses, and the data processing registers are 8-bits. An 8-bit CPU can process 8 bits of data simultaneously, and its data bus consists of 8 lines to transfer data between the memory and other input/output devices. The Intel 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor that consists of instruction sets such as data moving, arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), logic (AND, OR, XOR), control transfer (both conditional an d unconditional, call subroutine, return from subroutine), setting and clearing flag bits, interrupts, stack operations and input/output instructions. This processor consists of 8-bit ALU that performs arithmetic and logic operations, the control unit, seven 8-bit general purpose registers A,B,C,D,E,H, and L, which are paired to form BC, DE, and HL. Register A is referred to as the Accumulator and it stores one operand of arithmetic and logic operation, and the results of the arithmetic and logic operations. There are two special purpose registers which are 16-bit registers, namely, the stack pointer (SP, which points to the top of the stack where data can be retrieved),

BSC Flexibility & the Customer Perspective Essay

BSC Flexibility & the Customer Perspective - Essay Example David P. Norton and Dr. Robert S. Kaplan pioneered the approach in the 1990s. The case study is from the British Airport Authority (BAA) at Heathrow Airport’s Terminal 5 project. They termed their balanced scorecard as the T5 BSC. T5 was a performance management system based on key performance indicators and measures. This paper also compares the Norton’s BSC approach to the T5 BSC approach. T5 BSC based on 5 key performance indicators, 10 key measures, and 37 performance data. The performance indicators were selected as high-level quality indicators to drive the project’s objectives & requirements, identify the stakeholders, agreement of benchmarks, performance of inspections and test from the begin to the completion of the project. The indicators related tot the key measures gave general directions of the project through enablers, monitoring progress, or ascertaining outcomes. The performance data were the metrics that were measured for each stage of the projec t. Team members did this in order to monitor performance. The key measures would be regularly reported and published (Basu, Little & Millard, 2009). The main objective of any measurement system should to encourage managers and other employees to work towards implementing the organization’s strategies. Through the translation of strategy into measure of the balanced scorecard, all parties can know objectives and goals. ... roject, key performance indicators and key measures of the project were made to meet the requirements of the T5 Agreement and its complexity, spanning road, rail, and air constructions. The T5 balanced scorecard has incorporated the balancing principles of Norton’s balanced scorecard fours aspects i.e. learning & growth, customer, internal processes and financial. In the T5 BSC, the leading indicators are given by the benchmarks agreed & the verifications planned and work supervised. On the other, in Norton’s BSC, the leading indicators are given by learning & growth aspect. Considering the outcome indicators, the handover agreed and work complete in T5 can be related to the customer aspect in Norton & Kaplan BSC. Norton and Kaplan’s BSC aspect of internal process can be related to T5’s inspected and protected, and compliance assured measurement indicators. On further analysis, not all the measures as groups in each of T5 indicators act according to Kaplan and Norton’s BSC aspects. For example, the financial aspect relates to the total estimated cost of NCRs, a key measure of the compliance assured performance indicator. It can also be argued that the T5 KPIs and key measures have gaps related to the growth and financial BSC aspects but the assembly and manufacturing level performance indicators would not be expected to counter this. Kaplan and Norton’s Balanced Scorecard Aspects T5 Balanced Scorecard Customer Handovers confirmed RFT Closed outstanding work items Confirmed O&M manuals Confirmed Maintenance work plans Learning & growth Agreed test & inspection plans agreed Supervisors RFT-trained Financial Set Samples/benchmarks Total estimated cost of NCRs Internal processes Inspections with respect to the set benchmark & quality standards Checks confirming

Paediatric Nursing Teaching Session: Reflection and Analysis

Paediatric Nursing Teaching Session: Reflection and Analysis Critically analysing a teaching session which has been undertaken in practice for a child or young person. This reflective essay explores and analyses a teaching session carried out with a young person within a paediatric nursing setting, in order to evaluate positive aspects of the session, skills involved and skills developed on the part of the nurse during the session, the effectiveness of the session, and the ways in which this activity could have been improved to better meet the needs of the client. The client chosen is a 13 year old girl with Type 1 Diabetes, who, having made the decision to become independent in her glycaemic control and in managing her condition, was admitted to the children’s ward after a hypoglycaemic episode. The focus of the session was on re-educating the client in good practice in self-administration of insulin. Up until the period shortly before her admission, her mother had been administering BD insulin injections before school and in the evening. The client, who shall be called Sheila for the purposes of this essay (the name has been changed to protect confidentiality), had asserted her independence and demanded to be allowed to carry out our own injections, unsupervised, but after the hypoglycaemic episode, the question was raised whether or not she was able to draw up the correct dose. Therefore, the session was set up to allow Sheila to revisit the correct procedure for drawing up and delivering the correct dose of insulin in the correct manner. Confidentiality has been maintained throughout this essay by anonymising the personnel involved, and by ensuring no identifying details are used at any point. The importance of the teaching role within paediatric nursing will be discussed in the light of this activity and experience, and some recommendations for good practice will be drawn from this. The client chosen provides an interesting case because this is a young person who can be viewed as being in transition, between childhood and the onset of adolescence, asserting more maturity and independence in her management of her chronic condition, and so needing to be treated and interacted with in ways more similar to those usually used with adults. This presents a challenge for the paediatric nurse, because one key aspect of educating for health is to engage with the client on the appropriate level, and to avoid alienating the client (Agnew, 2005). This is a fundamental component of all nursing care, acting as both the human face of medicine and as a teacher or coach who acts to â€Å"take what is foreign and fearful to the patient and make it familiar and thus less frightening† (Benner, 1984 p 77). Approaching a young person such as Sheila requires skill in terms of using typical teaching approaches but adapting them to meet her individual needs as a person, according to her own perception of who she is and her levels of independence. Benner (1984) suggests that there is a need to use tone of voice, humour, and the nurse’s own attitudes in meeting these needs. Knowles et al (2006) state that â€Å"evidence-based, structured education is recommended for all people with diabetes; tailored to meet their personal needs and learning styles† (p 322). In this instance, planning the session required the nurse to draw upon knowledge of teaching processes and principles gleaned from her own study and research, clinical knowledge about the skill to be taught, and personal attributes which would (it was hoped), avoid patronising the client or alienating her(see Appendix for teaching plan). However, this author anticipated that there would always be some distance between nurse and client, because the nurse, no matter how skilled or capable in communication, might still represent an older authority figure to whom they might not necessarily Ã¢â‚¬Ë œrelate’ very well. Understanding this, the approach to the session was clearly and consistently hinged upon basic principles of learning, incorporating aspects of adult learning in order to attempt to be more appropriate for Sheila’s learning needs. There is some debate about the differences between learning in children and adult learning, or whether there are, indeed, any differences (Rogers, 1996). Because of the significant health impact of Type 1 Diabetes on individuals, and consequently, on society and the state’s healthcare systems and resources, it was thought important to include in this session some of the rationales for good glycaemic control and prevention of the longer term consequences of the disease. Type 1 Diabetes, is a disorder in which beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans located within the pancreas fail to produce insulin as required by the body to regulate blood glucose, resulting in high levels of circulating glucose(Watkins, 2003). The longer-term consequences of the disorder include atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (Luscher et al, 2003); diabetic retinopathy (Cohen Ayello, 2005; Guthrie and Guthrie, 2004); peripheral vascular disease, intermittent claudication and foot ulcers foot ulcers caused by impaired circulation and peripheral neuropathy(Bielby 2006; Edmonds and Foster, 2006; Lipsky et al, 2006; Guthrie and Guthrie, 2004; Bloomgard en, 2005; Soedmah-Muthu, 2006); renal disease and renal failure (Castner and Douglas, 2005); and gastrointestinal complications (Guthrie and Guthrie, 2004). In preparation for the session, the nurse engaged in some background research, ensured that her knowledge was up to date, and reviewed the key national policy document, the National Service Framework for Diabetes published by the Department of health which underlines the need for good, ongoing health promotion and education for those with the condition (DH, 2002). Reading of research and professional literature also highlighted a wealth of information on the specifics of health promotion and education within diabetes, much of which is very applicable in this instance as it focuses on self-management of the condition (Cooper et al, 2003). While these support the transmission of information between health professional and client, so that the client becomes knowledgeable about their disorder and its management (Fox and Kilvert, 2003), there is also evidence which supports health education that actively incorporates and engages the client as a partner in the learning process as well as t he control of their condition (Davis et al, 2000) Therefore, the session was planned to initially determine Sheila’s level of knowledge and understanding, her current competence in the skill, and her ability to describe the underlying principles of the procedure. As Rogers (2002) states, â€Å"it is necessary to adapt our methods of teaching adults to the range of educational skills they possess.† (p 76). Horner et al (2000) also underline the need to improve the readability of teaching materials, and some were identified during the course of this session as being in need of improvement. Therefore, this element of the session also determined her level of understanding, reading ability and whether or not she had any difficulties such as dyslexia. It was discovered that Sheila had an above-average reading level, no special educational needs and no specific requirements other than that she was spoken to as an adult, as she reiterated on a number of occasions that she was not ‘a kid’. The learning approach taken was what Hinchliff (2004) describes as a constructivist approach, which, based on cognitive and humanistic learning theories, places the most importance on â€Å"self awareness, and the individual’s understanding of the processes involved in his or her own learning† (p 65). Hinchliff (2004) discusses Bloom’s (1972) learning domains, and this teaching session was designed to affect all three domains, cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. In relation to the cognitive domain, the aim was to reinforce and introduce knowledge. Psychomotor skills relate to the practical ability to administer insulin, and affective domain refers to the initiation of a process of attitude formation, wherein the nurse was hoping to help Sheila form a positive, proactive attitude to self-management of her condition. Further reading uncovered information on tailored educational programmes for children with diabetes to encourage appropriate self-care and management of their condition, based on pre-existing adult courses which exist in the UK but are of limited value for children (Knowles et al, 2006). Knowles et al (2006) carried out a study to adapt the adult Dose Adjustment For Normal Eating (DAFNE) course to design a skills training course, for children aged 11–16 yr, focusing on self-management skills within an intensive insulin regime. While this kind of approach would have been ideal for Sheila, a little research into facilities available local to the client showed no provision of this kind, or similar, targeted at her age group, which this author believed was a failing of local provision. This is a key point in the lifespan of a young person with a chronic condition, and at the least such young people need age-appropriate health education activities (Knowles et al, 2006). However, th is study has yet to be validated by a planned larger multicentre trial (Knowles et al, 2006). Viklund et al (2007) carried out a six month randomised controlled trial of a patient education empowerment programme, with teenagers with diabetes, but found after their trial that this empowerment programme made no difference on outcomes related to glycaemic control or empowerment. Their conclusion was that there should continue to be parental involvement in educational programmes and in management of self-care and ongoing control in diabetes in teenagers (Viklund et al, 2007). This might suggest that this session should have included some parental involvement, or should have made reference to ongoing parental involvement, because it supports anecdotal evidence that the author has gleaned from practice, wherein nurses rarely ‘trust’ teenagers to manage their diabetes appropriately themselves. Murphy et al (2007) describe a ‘family-centred’ diabetes education programme which was successfully integrated into paediatric diabetes care in one location, with pot ential benefits on parental involvement and glycaemic control. In all three of these cited studies, multidisciplinary involvement was a feature of the programme (Knowles et al, 2006; Murphy et al, 2007; Viklund et al, 2007). This suggests that there should be programmes which provide ongoing, family-oriented support, but this author still feels that the particular needs of teenagers may need something else, something indefinable as yet, but something which still supports their sense of self and emerging adult identity, fosters independence but also helps ensure proper management of the condition. This takes us to the issue of resources, and the lack of them, but if there were more, good quality research in this area, it might provide the leverage for more resources to be mobilised to meet the needs of this client group. Sheila evaluated the session well, but the author was left with the feeling that there was no certainty that the client would take on this new learning and that her glycaemic control would improve. Having addressed issues from the point of view of diabetes, and of the needs of teenagers with this condition, the author can only conclude that the session was well designed and incorporated patient-centred, established educational techniques, but that these techniques are not necessarily the optimal way to educate and support teenagers with Type 1 Diabetes. The literature has shed a light on some potential approaches to this, but the evidence is still insufficient to fully change practice. However, Sheila was able to demonstrate correct technique, discuss the rationale for the technique, and discuss with some confidence her management and control of her condition, and the prevention of longer-term complications. A more multidisciplinary approach would perhaps be needed to address the emo tional and psychological elements of her learning and development needs in the future. References Agnew, T (2005) Words of wisdom. Nursing Standard 20(6),pp24-26 Anderson, B. (2005) The art of empowerment : stories and strategies for diabetes educators New York: American Diabetes Association. Anthony, S., Odgers, T. Kelly, W. (2004) Health promotion and health education about diabetes mellitus. Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health. 124 (2) 70-3 Benner, P. (1984) From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Clinical Nursing Practice London: Addison-Wesley Publishers. Bielby, A. (2006) Understanding foot ulceration in patients with diabetes. Nursing Standard. 20(32). pp. 57-67. Bloomgarden, Z.T. (2006) Cardiovascular Disease Diabetes Care 20 (5) 1160-1166. Castner, D. Douglas, C. (2006) Now onstage: chronic kidney disease. Nursing. 35(12). pp. 58-64. Cohen, A. Ayello, E. (2005) Diabetes has taken a toll on your patients vision: how can you help?. Nursing. 35(5). pp. 44-7. Cooper, H.C., Booth, K. and Gill, G. (2003) Patients’ perspectives on diabetes health care education. Health Education Research 18 (2) 191-206. Court, S. and Lamb, B. (1997) Childhood and Adolescent Diabetes London: John Wiley. DAFNE Study Group (2002) Training in flexible, intensive insulin management to enable dietary freedom in people with type 1 diabetes: dose adjustment for normal eating (DAFNE) randomised controlled trial. British Medical Journal 325:746–9 Davies, K. (2006) What is effective intervention? Using theories of health promotion. British Journal of Nursing15 (5) 252-256. Department of Health (2002) National Service Framework for Diabetes Available from www.doh.gov.uk Accessed 25-7-08. Edmonds, M. Foster, A. (2006) Diabetic foot ulcers. BMJ. 332(7538). pp. 407-10. Fox, C. and Kilvert, A. (2003) Intensive education for lifestyle change in diabetes. BMJ 327 1120-1121. Guthrie, R.A. Guthrie, D.W. (2004) Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly 27 (2) 113-125. Hinchliff, S. (Ed)(2004) The Practitioner as teacher 3rd Ed London: Balliere Tindall Knowles, J., Waller, H., Eiser, C. et al (2006) The development of an innovative education curriculum for 11–16 yr old children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) Pediatric Diabetes 7 (6) 322-328. Luscher, T.F., Creager, M.A., Beckman, J.A. and Cosentino, F. 2003 Diabetes and vascular disease: pathophysiology, clinical consequences and medical therapy: part II. Circulation 108 1655-1661. Murphy, H.R., Wadham, C., Rayman, G. and Skinner, T.C. (2007) Approaches to integrating paediatric diabetes care and structured education: experiences from the Families, Adolescents, and Childrens Teamwork Study (FACTS) Diabetic Medicine 24 (1) 1261-1268. Northam, E. Todd, S. Cameron, F. (2006) Interventions to promote optimal health outcomes in children with Type 1 diabetes are they effective? Diabetic Medicine. 23(2). pp. 113-21 Reece, I. Walker S.(2003) Teaching, Training and Learning. Tyne Weir: Business Education Publishers Ltd. Rogers, A. (2002) Teaching Adults 3rd Ed Buckinghamshire: OU Press Soedmah-Muthu, S.S., Fuller, J.H., Mulner, H.E. et al (2006) High risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 Diabetes in the UK. Diabetes Care 20 (4) 798-804. Viklund, G., Ortqvist, E. and Wikblad, K. (2007) Assessment of an empowerment education programme. A randomized study in teenagers with diabetes Diabetic Medicine 24 (5) 550-556. Watkins, P.J. (2003) ABC of Diabetes (Fifth edition). London: BMJ Publishing Group. Appendix Patient Education Plan Self-administration of Insulin Lesson Aims: To support Sheila to develop the skills and knowledge to demonstrate competence in the independent self-administration of Insulin. To reinforce health promotion principles and information regarding long-term management and control of her Diabetes and the prevention of later-life health complications. Learning Outcomes – at the end of the session the client should: Be able to describe, discuss and demonstrate the principles of correct drawing up of accurate doses of insulin as prescribed in her own regimen. Be able to competently self-administer insulin with correct technique, and describe the rationale for this technique Be able to discuss ongoing glycaemic control and prevention of later life complications of Diabets. Activity Method and Rationale Determine Sheila’s current level of knowledge. Determine Sheila’s reading level and identify any specific learning needs or difficulties (eg dyslexia) Discussion This allows for the identification of Sheila’s needs, and allows the nurse to set the tone and establish a relationship with Sheila. Provision can be made for specific needs such as augmented or specialist reading materials. Sheila to demonstrate drawing up technique Nurse to demonstrate drawing up technique Demonstration/discussion with supporting information/leaflets. Drawing comparisons between the two techniques should allow the client to identify whether her own practice matches that of the nurse/teacher. Discussion of this will draw out underlying knowledge and principles. Written information will reinforce learning. Review and demonstrate correct administration technique Discussion/Demonstration Discussion allows the nurse to identify gaps in knowledge and skill and address these in a responsive, flexible manner. Review knowledge of disease management and prevention of complications and identify further learning needs Discussion Provide a rationale and potential motivation to maintain good glycaemic control. Plan to meet further learning needs either immediately or in future sessions, perhaps involving the multi-disciplinary team. Gain client feedback To evaluate effectiveness of teaching session in client’s own words.

mathew brady and the photographic documentation of the civil war :: essays research papers

Mathew Brady was the son of Irish immigrants who came to the United States in the late 1830's, later that year they became residents of Saratoga Springs, where they became acquainted with the artist, William Page. Page was a large influence on Brady's artistic lifestyle teaching him trades such as jewel making, case making, and painting. Page took Brady under his wing and they moved to New York where Brady met Samuel F.B. Morse an artist who instructed Page in earlier days. Morse began the new art of photography, which his friend Daguerre from Europe had just began. Therefore, the young Brady began his love for photography through Morse. Brady began to study the standards of this new and exciting art form. It took Brady several years to acquire the skill needed to take off in to the world and business of daguerreotype. Yet, in 1844 his professional photographer career began.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mathew was a respected photographer before even the thought of a civil war. He was very devoted to his work with the photographs. Many people did not consider photography an art form at the time in which Brady practiced it and therefore he tried extremely had to earn the respect he did. Mathew had many photography subjects before the war. Brady was a well-known photographer of portraits. Brady's mastery of technical details is part of the reason his name is still remembered today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mathew Brady was originally discouraged from photographing the civil war because of the danger that lie in the battlefields. Yet, the already famous Brady chose to photograph the civil war anyway.

Iiillegal Logging

According to Filipino officials, rampant illegal logging and mining were likely a part of the cause for the high casualty count from Category 5 Typhoon Bopha (Pablo), especially in the Compostela Valley where government officials had warned people to stop the illegal activities. So far, 370 people have been found dead on the island of Mindanao with another 400 missing. Waters rose so high even emergency shelters were inundated. â€Å"If you abuse nature, nature will get back at us,† Benito Ramos, executive director of National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), said. This is due to decades of mining and logging. Our forests are already deluded and there are tunnels left by small-time miners. † Illegal logging and mining has stripped many hillsides bare in Mindanao, which has forest cover of only 10 percent. Deforestation means flash floods flow unimpeded, leading to cataclysmic land and mud slides that can bury whole towns. â€Å"The water was as h igh as a coconut tree,† a local farmer, Joseph Requinto, told the Associated Press. â€Å"All the bamboo trees, even the big ones, were all mowed down. † Unfortunately these tragic environmental disasters are becoming a recurring theme in the Philippines, less than a year Typhoon Sendong killed over 1,200 people on the same island. The extensive destruction wrought by this storm—which impacted over 300,000 people—was also blamed at least partly on illegal logging. Logging has banned throughout the Philippines since February of 2011 in order to avert disasters such as this, but illegal logging remains a rampant problem. Yet, while illegal logging and mining certainly worsened the death toll of Typhoon Bopha, there may another component to the storm's wrath: climate change. Warmer world may equal worse typhoons, hurricanes â€Å"Climate change is now a clear and present danger and a national security concern for our country,† Filipino Senator, Loren Legarda, said last year after the devastating Typhoon Sendong. Scientists continue to debate the connection between climate change and hurricanes and typhoons (both names for tropical cyclones). However a general consensus is emerging that while climate change may not increase the total number of hurricanes, it is likely increasing the extremely intense ones, much like Hurricane Sandy that struck the U. S. East Coast a little over a month ago. Climate change is intensifying tropical cyclones in a number of ways: rising sea levels create worsening storm surges, while a warmer atmosphere draws in more water from the oceans leading to increased precipitation, worsening the chance for flash floods such as those spawned by Bopha. In addition, unseasonably warms seas may be extending both the tropical cyclone season and its geographical reach: Typhoon Bopha hit a region of Mindano that has never been hit by such extreme cyclones. It also hit late in the season. We have never had a typhoon like Bopha, which has wreaked havoc in a part of the country that has never seen a storm like this in half a century. And heartbreaking tragedies like this is not unique to the Philippines, because the whole world, especially developing countries struggling to address poverty and achieve social and human development, confront these same realities,† Naderev Sano, climate negotiator for the Philippin es, said today in an impassioned speech at the 18th UN Climate Summit in Doha, Qatar, which has been crawling along the last two week. Sano pointed to the disaster as more evidence to move aggressively on climate change at a conference where observers say little progress is being made. â€Å"I appeal to the whole world,† Sano continued. â€Å"I appeal to leaders from all over the world, to open our eyes to the stark reality that we face. I appeal to ministers. The outcome of our work is not about what our political masters want. It is about what is demanded of us by 7 billion people. I appeal to all, please, no more delays, no more excuses. Please, let Doha be remembered as the place where we found the political will to turn things around. † Anti-poverty and environmental NGOs are largely pointing the finger at wealthy countries—especially the U. S. , Canada, and New Zealand—for failing to raise their pledges on emissions cuts and providing little information on where climate financing will come from. The host nation, Qatar, has also come under heavy criticism for bringing little to the table, even though it is the world's largest greenhouse gas emitter per capita.

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) essays

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) essays Initiated in 2001, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) intended to prevent the academic failures of educational institutions and individual students, as well as bridge achievement gaps between students ( Trolian). This act supports the basic standards of education reform across America; desiring to improve the learning outcomes of Americas youth. No Child Left Behind has left many to criticize the outcomes of the Act itself. Questions have risen concerning the effectiveness of NCLB, as well as the implications to Americas youth. I believe that the No Child Left Behind Act should be revised to allow better accountability of student success, accountability of schools overall progress and better flexibility for teachers. One reason that NCLB should be revised is because students are held to unfair accountability standards. Students should be held accountable for the hard work they put into the entire school year and not by the high performance tests that the government administers. In efforts to boost the countrys academic achievements, the NCLB has mandated high performance testing which is required of all students(Trolian). The problem here is simple; not all students can perform at the same academic level. To add, standardized tests are the only source of understanding the academic achievements under NCLB, which are not an entirely accurate measure of a students performance. Additionally, the testing results are directly linked to awards or penalties of the school performance. Each state establishes their own standards, which must approved by the federal government if participating in NCLB. The tests are predominately multiple-choice style tests. The tests do not take in account their report car d grades or significant individual achievements made by a student. For example, if a student is three levels below their reading grade, but increases their reading by two grades over the course ...

Aims and Objectives of Apple and Mk Museum Essay Example

Aims and Objectives of Apple and Mk Museum Essay Example Aims and Objectives of Apple and Mk Museum Paper Aims and Objectives of Apple and Mk Museum Paper The two businesses I have chosen are Apple and Mk Museum because I have visited and done in-depth analysis of both businesses by you online sources which are located in my bibliography. As per doing my in-depth analysis I have come to knowledge about both businesses aims and objectives. My reasons for researching the businesses were that I wanted to know how the both became a business and how did they reach this level of popularity and success. My plan was basically carried out by mainly doing allot of research and looking for appropriate sources to help me gather information. But I mainly focused on finding out allot of information about the business and I found out that Apple was founded by a man called Steve wozniak and Steve Jobs. Apple was established on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne to sell the Apple I personal computer kit. The Apple I went on sale in July 1976 and was market-priced at $666. 66 ($2,723 in 2012 dollars, adjusted for inflation. I have also found out that Apple operates in the secondary and tertiary sector and that it has been achieving its aims and objectives by revolutionising the phone market and providing the customers with new ways to connect with each other that no other business was doing by making new phones the company success went up by a lot as the new invention like the I phone 5 which with each sale has profited Apple with ? 400 which with all other products sales is made Apples sales worth more than all of Microsoft and12 Times the global market rate. Also by doing my research I have come to know about the business Mk Museum which is a charitable trust with the director of the museum Bill Griffiths and the rest volunteers in the business Bill Griffiths is the only one who gets paid and the money that pays him comes from the museum cafeteria and gift shop by getting therefore the is achieving its aims and objectives but also its purpose of the business is to provide new and effective ways of telling people about history which they are doing at the same time they operate in the tertiary sector . By comparing the aims and objectives I have come to know that there are a few similarities between them but they’re are not alike in business as they both have different way of connecting people as the museum connects people with the history and apple with phone market both good ways but it’s the aims and objectives of both businesses which are different because on one hand Apple want be the best renowned phone and tablets company but faces obstacles which are other phone and tablet companies and on the other hand Mk museum wants to attract new possibilities and customers to the business which are both achievable but the main similarities is that they both have other business rivals. The way the both were investigated is kind of similar as for Mk museum the information was right on the website and for Apple some was on the Apple website and some was located on different websites which are located in my bibliography. The competitors of the business Apple are other phone companies like Samsung for example who always try to compete with Apples new products but so far have failed as to the result of Apple unleashing there new product the I phone 5 which has mesmerised the nation as the Apples Iphone sales have gone up by 142% and still rising with new customers buying everyday and by doing this Apple has still managed to retain its old customer by giving the gift vouchers in the post and selling them good deals. This is helpful as the customers are getting something in return from the company as well as the purchased product this gets the customer to come again. Apples inventions make Apple millions every year and there profit margin keeps rising with every invention and the new Iphone 5 is very successful and has become a iconic phone name and legacy. Apple products are developed to include improved applications and systems, are set at different prices depending on how much capability the customer desires, and are sold in places where other Apple products are sold. In order to promote the device, the company featured its debut at tech events and is highly advertised on the web and on television. On the other hand Mk Museums competitors are other museums located nearby or in the area itself that meaning that Mk Museum has to find new ways to attract customers and at the same time retain its customers as this is more difficult because the business rivals are located in the nearby or same area which means attracting customers is more harder as they have to engage in regular and different activities to attract the public which they are doing on a basic level. The aims and objectives are being met take Apple and its aims and objectives to† maximize profit† and â€Å"to be the dominant high-tech brand in the whole world† these are being met by retaining customers and developing new products staying unbeatable in the phone market and giving customer what they want and also showing customers that there are more incredible ways to connect to each other and also to connect to the world at the same time this being achieved as they keep modifying and releasing new products on regular time format this is attracting public attention which makes them want to see the product and engage them in what new software and apps and the capability of the phone itself is and not just adults the young generation are very enthusiastic about the new products and then make the parents buy them and show them how good they are. This is all done by selling new products at the price which suits Apple products are sold piece by piece this make the cu stomer buy accessories and other phone components this make Apple allot of money as this is partly the course of their success.

TLMT 441 Assignment Article Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

TLMT 441 Article Review - Assignment Example It will majorly be for all of them to create value that will be of benefit to all of them. In line with this, it is a fact that, these companies also need to have the right players in the market which they will collaborate with as their partners or players. With good partners or players in various sectors, it becomes very easy for each company to achieve their goals and objectives as they carry out businesses that promote each others welfare. The third right which requires the companies or businesses involved in supply chain design is the right roles. These companies need to evaluate all their roles for each other and only have the right roles for themselves. When a company is seeking to find another company with whom they would collaborate in the supply chain design, it is required to look at the roles of that other company. They need not have conflicting roles as they will not aim at achieving similar objectives. They will then not be compatible in operations. The managers should also take their time to critically evaluate the companies readiness to compete. In the analysis of this article, the five game-changers that are emerging are explored as they represent the potential supply chain design points of inflection. Amongst the analyzed include borderless supply chains, additive manufacturing, the big data and predictive analytics, material science as well as autonomous vehicles. The articles then go ahead to discuss the four forces impeding the transformation of higher levels that the value co-creation can attain. It is important to mention also that these four forces include bad understanding of the ‘luxury nature of initiatives of the corporate social responsibility (CSR), security required during the supply chain, the fact that there is no trust within the governance mechanisms, and failure to manage change appropriately. In a nutshell, the article has its strengths in explaining where the successes of the firms are intended to come

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Coursework

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - Coursework Example Thus, banging on the perception of the require, and so vividly glimpsed by the detail that only a couple of years before Fast Company's periodic characteristic deserving "Change or die!" For most, the name is true. Change has become an integral part of organizational life for its constituents and the organization. more mighty technologies play a certain function in this, technological advancement is now nearly as very fast as data methods, so the proficiency to method data much quicker, more new submissions, innovative modes to organise data for better decisions (Moore & Fitz 2003). These innovative new modes to organise, in turn, conceived an interior dynamic of the developing organization. This is widespread, even banal currently discover constituents of all kinds of associations about the present plans for change, because the month of flavour. Although the workers (and managers) can be a bit jaded by all the alterations and the entire converse about change, it makes the method of altering bureaus in the 21st century and the convoluted phenomenon. Change bureau mentions to a change in detail made in organizational life. For each organizational change, an individual or lawful means to provoke or acknowledges any blame for the administration, implementation, upkeep or modification. This means or entity, generally an agency of change by the man called (Lacity Hirschheim and Willcocks 2004). Activity of this means or body part is called the change in the body. Organizational Alterations and Communication As is clear from the introductory consideration, there may be little or no creative consideration of the evolution of the bureau, without comprehending the environment of organizational change itself. Change and bureau, thus, characterised in common. Organizational Change Perhaps the most conversed about occurrence in the area of organizational dynamics and development over the past 20 years, organizational change mentions to the puzzling sequence of happenings, undertakings, plans and crusades to associations that have a thing in common: a kind of action of a set of ideas or demeanour in another set of ideas or behaviours (Major 2002). This action can be differentiated in periods of scale or dimensions and amount of data. This could encompass the whole association, or subsystem (the department or purposeful unit) of the organization. It may request to change the whole association, as well as in coordinating the transition from the customary hierarchy of government engagement, the flat structure, or going into unfamiliar markets with a new scheme, or it may demand other alterations, both in the reorganization of the newest expertise with the assist of output, inserting new types of individual employees, or new modes for educators to record class. It may furthermore be helpful to differentiate between alterations in notions and other periods that are affiliated with alterations and are occasionally utilised as synonyms. Change in Communicati on System The simplest delineation, but can furthermore be an international action of a somewhat steady state to another state for the time being provisional stable. The organizational alterations are progressing with the positions in which the purposes of work needed by most persons all through the association to discover new behaviours and skills. The major alterations encompass all workers and can focus on discovery and teaching of